Правило согласования времён действует в сложноподчиненных дополнительных придаточных предложениях, если сказуемое в главном предложении стоит в прошедшем времени.
Сдвиг времён в придаточном дополнительном при главном предложении в прошедшем времени.
| Форма сказуемого до согласования | Форма сказуемого после согласования | Выражаемое действие |
|
Present Simple V/Vs; am, is are + 3fV |
Past Simple Ved/2fV; was/were + 3fV |
Действие придаточного предложения происходит одновременно с действием главного |
|
Present Continuous am, is, are +Ving |
Past Continuous was/were + Ving; | |
|
Present Perfect have/ has + 3fV |
Past Perfect had + 3fV; |
Действие придаточного предложения предшествует действию главного |
|
Past Simple Ved/2fV; was/were + 3fV | ||
|
Future Simple shall/will + V; |
Future-in-the-Past should/would + V; |
Действие придаточного предложения совершается позже действия главного |
| I know he works at this plant (Я знаю, что он работает на этом заводе) I knew he worked at the plant I know he worked at this plant (Я знаю, что он работал на этом заводе) I knew he had worked at the plant I know he will work at this plant (Я знаю, что он будет работать на этом заводе) I knew he would work at the plant | ||
Обратите внимание, что на русский язык придаточное предложение переводится одинаково в обоих случаях.
Упражнение 1.
Перепишите следующие предложения в прошедшем времени. Обратите внимание на зависимость времени придаточного дополнительного предложения от времени главного.
1. He says he has spent a fortnight in the Caucasus.
2. He says it did him a lot of good.
3. He says he feels better now.
4. He says his wife and he spent most of their time on the beach.
5. He says they did a lot of sightseeing. 6. He says he has a good camera.
7. He says English will be taught by Mr. Wilson.
8. She says the way has been shown to her.
9. They say the Poles were led into the thickest part of the forest by Ivan Susanin
Упражнение 2.
Раскройте скобки, выбирая требующееся время глагола.
1. My friend asked me who (is playing, was playing) the piano in the sitting room.
2. He said he (will come, would come) to the station to see me off.
3. I was sure he (posted, had posted) the letter.
4. I knew that he (is, was) a very clever man.
5. I want to know what he (has bought, had bought) for her birthday.
6. He said he (is staying, was staying) at the “Ritz” Hotel.
7. They realized that they (lost, had lost) their way in the dark.
8. He asked me where I (study, studied).
9. I thought that I (shall finish, should finish) my work at that time.
10. Victor said he (is, was) very busy.
Упражнение 3.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требуемом времени.
1. I knew they (to wait) for me at the metro station and I decided to hurry.
2. He says that he (to know) the laws of the country.
3. Sarie understood why Lanny (not to come) the previous evening.
4. She asked me whether I (to remember) the legend about a faithful lion.
5. I suppose they (to send) a dog after a burglar immediately.
6. He said he (to leave) tomorrow morning.
7. She says she already (to find) the book.
8. He stopped and listened: the clock (to strike) five.
9. I asked my neighbor if he ever (to travel) by air before.
10. The policeman asked George where he (to run) so early.